Laser Surgery for Age-Related Macular Degeneration

What is laser surgery for age-related macular degeneration?

Laser surgery is a treatment that can sometimes be used to slow down the loss of vision resulting from the wet form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). AMD is damage to the part of the eye called the macula. The macula allows you to see detail in the center of your field of vision. The wet form of AMD occurs when new, fragile blood vessels grow beneath the retina and leak blood and fluid. The leaks can rapidly damage the macula. A laser can be used to seal the leaking blood vessels, which may slow down the damage.

In some cases an alternative is to have leaking blood vessels removed surgically. Another alternative is to choose not to have treatment, recognizing the risks of your condition. You should ask your doctor about these choices.

How do I prepare for laser surgery?

Follow the doctor's instructions. Plan for your care and recovery after the operation. You will need to arrange for someone to drive you home.

What happens during the procedure?

Your doctor dilates your pupil with eyedrops. Then he or she puts drops of anesthetic in your eye to numb it. Using special instruments, your doctor finds the leaking vessels and uses a laser to seal the leaks.

What happens after the procedure?

You can go home after the procedure, but someone should go home with you. Your eye may be patched for several hours. Avoid heavy work for the next day or two. You can ride in a car, stoop over to put on shoes, and resume light work. Your vision may be blurry for a few days.

Ask your doctor what other steps you should take and when you should come back for a checkup.

What are the benefits of this procedure?

The loss of central vision may be slowed down.

What are the risks associated with this procedure?

• The laser may further damage the macula, resulting in some loss of vision and possibly a permanent blind spot. This is especially true if the leaking blood vessels are very close to or in the very center of the macula.
• There is a risk of an allergic reaction to the eyedrops or anesthetic.

You should ask your doctor how these risks apply to you.

When should I call the doctor?

Call the doctor immediately if:

• You feel sick to your stomach or dizzy.
• You develop pain in your eye.
• The vision suddenly gets worse.